Electronic voting through blockchain: A survey

Abstract

As technology advances and more of our lives are digitised, elections are no exception. This paper proposes a survey of the current state of the art blockchain voting protocols by performing a systematic literature review and evaluating 25 selected papers. One of the main objectives of the surveyed proposals was to maintain voter anonymity while ensuring vote verifiability. However, most systems fell short in terms of scalability, as they would not be able to handle nationwide elections. Additionally, some proposals identified security vulnerabilities during security testing. Nevertheless, there were promising developments in terms of performance and security through Layer 2 solutions. These solutions offer more flexibility in system design and enable features that ensure anonymity and scalability.